Carol F. Kirkpatrick, PhD, MPH, RDN, FNLA, director of the Idaho State University (ISU) Wellness Center, discussed the 2025-2030 Dietary Guidelines for Americans in an interview with Pharmacy Times ahead of the National Lipid Association’s 2026 Fall Clinical Lipid Update. She highlighted that while core recommendations—such as consuming vegetables, fruits, and whole grains while limiting processed foods, added sugars, alcohol, and sodium—remain consistent with previous editions, there is a new emphasis on certain dietary components.

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The updated guidelines prioritize protein intake at every meal, recommending a target of 1.2 to 1.6 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight daily. Kirkpatrick noted that randomized controlled trial evidence supports the replacement of refined carbohydrates with healthier proteins, preferably plant-based, to enhance lipoprotein and lipid levels. Although full-fat dairy products received media attention, she indicated they can be incorporated into a healthy diet, provided that saturated fat intake is monitored.

A significant change in the guidelines is the clear directive to reduce refined carbohydrates, which is particularly beneficial for individuals with prediabetes or insulin resistance. This consumer-facing document reiterates limits on added sugars throughout its recommendations. Kirkpatrick advised against instilling guilt in patients regarding their food choices.

Moreover, the guidelines have removed a numeric alcohol limit, indicating that alcohol consumption may not benefit those with high blood pressure or triglycerides. A new recommendation suggests that some people with specific chronic conditions might benefit from a lower-carbohydrate diet, a strategy that could be particularly useful for individuals with prediabetes or insulin resistance. However, she emphasized the importance of personalized guidance from health care providers to avoid generalized dietary recommendations.

For pharmacists, these updates present opportunities for enhanced counseling and patient support.