Daisy Zamora, PhD, an associate professor at the UNC School of Medicine, has played a significant role in the scientific evidence review for the newly released 2025–2030 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA).

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Zamora was part of a scientific team that evaluated research on diet and health, focusing on the effects of saturated fat intake and the quality of carbohydrates. The updated guidelines provide an evidence-based analysis of the relationship between dietary patterns and health outcomes.

Current national health data highlights alarming trends: 72% of U.S. adults have excess body weight, with 41% classified as obese and 10% as severely obese. Additionally, 14% of the population is diabetic, and 43% are prediabetic. These statistics are mirrored in the rising obesity rates among seniors and adolescents.

In light of these concerns, the DGA emphasizes the importance of minimally processed, nutrient-dense foods, including vegetables, fruits, meats, eggs, nuts, seeds, dairy, whole grains, beans, and seafood. Zamora pointed out that although convenience foods like ready-to-eat meals are prevalent, many processed foods are high in refined sugars and additives, posing increased risks for cardiometabolic diseases.

“Protein matters, but the form it comes in matters too,” Zamora stated. The guidelines emphasize minimally processed protein sources such as eggs, milk, yogurt, meats, beans, fish, poultry, and nuts, particularly given the limited long-term data on many protein-added products.

Zamora remarked on the dietary shift over the past century towards diets dominated by highly processed foods and beverages, which has coincided with rising obesity and diabetes rates. The guidelines address the complex intersection of diet and health within the current food environment, characterized by easy access to calorie-dense, processed options and high rates of metabolic disease.

For a full review of the Dietary Guidelines, visit the official website.