Bleeding gums can indicate gingivitis, an initial form of periodontal disease, but recent research also suggests they may reflect insufficient vitamin C intake. A study published on February 1, 2021, in Nutrition Reviews analyzed data from 15 studies involving 1,140 healthy individuals and information from 8,210 participants in the CDC's Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. It revealed that low levels of vitamin C in the bloodstream correlated with a heightened risk of gum bleeding, even with gentle probing. Moreover, increasing vitamin C intake might help alleviate this issue.
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The study also notes that increased bleeding is a symptom of scurvy, a disease resulting from extreme vitamin C deficiency. Although scurvy was common among 18th-century sailors lacking access to fresh produce, it remains rare today. This research highlights how even slightly low vitamin C levels, insufficient to cause scurvy, may contribute to gum bleeding.
The recommended daily intake of vitamin C for adult men is 90 milligrams (mg). If you experience persistent gum bleeding when brushing or flossing, it is advisable to consult a dentist. Experts also recommend boosting vitamin C intake by consuming more foods rich in the vitamin, such as kale, oranges, peppers, and kiwis, or through daily supplements ranging from 100 mg to 200 mg.